(ciltacabtagene autoleucel)
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Last Updated: 05/14/2024
Abbreviations: CAR, chimeric antigen receptor; CD38, cluster of differentiation 38; cilta-cel, ciltacabtagene autoleucel; CR, complete response; Cy, cyclophosphamide; DOR, duration of response; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; Flu, fludarabine; IMWG, International Myeloma Working Group; MM, multiple myeloma; MRD, minimal residual disease; ORR, overall response rate; OS, overall survival; PD, pharmacodynamics; PFS, progression-free survival; PI, proteasome inhibitor; PK, pharmacokinetics; RP2D, recommended phase 2 dose; sCR, stringent complete response; VGPR, very good partial response.
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Characteristics | Total (N=97) |
---|---|
Median age, years (range) | 61.0 (56-68) |
Male, n (%) | 57 (59) |
Black/African American, n (%) | 17 (18) |
Plasmacytomasa, n (%) | 19 (19.6) |
Extramedullary plasmacytomas, n (%) | 13 (13) |
Bone-based plasmacytomas, n (%) | 6 (6.2) |
Bone marrow plasma cells ≥60%, n (%) | 21 (22) |
Median years since diagnosis, range | 5.9 (1.6-18.2) |
High-risk cytogenetic profile, n (%) | 23 (24) |
del17p | 19 (20) |
t(14;16) | 2 (2) |
t(4;14) | 3 (3) |
Tumor BCMA expression ≥50%b, n (%) | 57 (92) |
Median prior LOT, n (range) | 6 (3-18) |
Prior LOT, n (%) | |
3 | 17 (17.5) |
4 | 16 (16.5) |
≥5 | 64 (66.0) |
Received bridging therapy, n (%) | 73 (75) |
Prior stem-cell transplantation, n (%) | |
Autologous | 87 (90) |
Allogenic | 8 (8) |
Previous PIs | |
Carfilzomib, n (%) | |
Exposed | 83 (86) |
Refractory | 63 (65) |
Bortezomib, n (%) | |
Exposed | 92 (95) |
Refractory | 66 (68) |
Ixazomib, n (%) | |
Exposed | 29 (30) |
Refractory | 27 (28) |
Previous immunomodulatory agents | |
Lenalidomide, n (%) | |
Exposed | 96 (99) |
Refractory | 79 (81) |
Pomalidomide, n (%) | |
Exposed | 89 (92) |
Refractory | 81 (84) |
Previous anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody | |
Daratumumab, n (%) | |
Exposed | 94 (97) |
Refractory | 94 (97)c |
Triple-class exposedd | 97 (100) |
Triple-class refractoryd, n (%) | 85 (88) |
Penta-drug exposede | 81 (84) |
Penta-drug refractorye, n (%) | 41 (42) |
Refractory to last LOT, n (%) | 96 (99) |
Abbreviations: BCMA, B-cell maturation antigen; CD38, cluster of differentiation 38; del, deletion; LOT, line of therapy; PI, proteasome inhibitor; t, translocation. aAll plasmacytomas include extramedullary and bone-based plasmacytomas. bDenominator n=62, the number of evaluable samples; BCMA expression was detected in all evaluable samples. cAdditionally, 2 more patients were refractory to other anti-CD38 antibodies. dAt least 1 PI, 1 immunomodulatory agent, and 1 anti-CD38 antibody. e≥2 PIs, ≥2 immunomodulatory agents, and 1 anti-CD38 antibody. |
Overall | 3 Prior LOT | ≥4 Prior LOT | Triple-Class Refractory | Penta-Drug Refractory | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients, n (%) | 97 (100) | 17 (18) | 80 (82) | 85 (88) | 41 (42) |
ORR, % (95% CI) | 97.9 (92.7-99.7) | 100.0 (80.5-100) | 97.5 (91.3-99.7) | 97.6 (91.8-99.7) | 95.1 (83.5-99.4) |
Median DOR, months (95% CI) | NE (23.3-NE) | NE (12.9-NE) | 28.3 (23.3-NE) | NE (24.3-NE) | NE (24.4-NE) |
MRD 10-5 | 56/61 (91.8) | 8 (80.0) | 48 (94.1) | 50 (92.6) | 17 (85.0) |
Median PFS, (95% CI) | NE (24.5-NE) | NE (13.8-NE) | 30.1 (24.5-NE) | NE (25.2-NE) | NE (25.3-NE) |
27-month PFS, % (95% CI) | 54.9 (44.0-64.6) | 56.7 (30.0-76.6) | 54.0 (41.7-64.8) | 55.6 (43.8-65.9) | 61.6 (44.0-75.1) |
27-month OS, % (95% CI) | 70.4 (60.1-78.6) | 76.5 (48.8-90.4) | 69.0 (57.3-78.1) | 69.7 (58.4-78.5) | 66.8 (49.3-79.4) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CR, complete response; DOR, duration of response; LOT, line of therapy; MRD, minimal residual disease; NE, not estimable; ORR, overall response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; sCR, stringent complete response. aIn MRD-evaluable patients, MRD was assessed in evaluable samples at a 10-5 threshold by next-generation sequencing (clonoSEQ®) in all treated patients at day 28, and at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months regardless of the status of disease measured in blood or urine. Only MRD assessments (10-5 testing threshold) within 3 months of achieving CR/sCR until death/progression/subsequent therapy (exclusive) are considered. |
aRandomization was stratified by choice of PVd vs DPd, ISS stage at screening (I vs II vs III), and number of prior LOT (1 vs 2-3).
bTreatment with PVd or DPd was continued until disease progression, death, intolerable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or end of the study, whichever occurred earlier.
cSecondary outcomes were sequentially tested at each prespecified significance level, including (in order) rates of CR or better, OR, MRD negativity, OS, and time to patient-reported symptom worsening as assessed by the MM Symptom and Impact Questionnaire.
CARVYKTI (n=208) | Standard Care (n=211) | |
---|---|---|
Age, median (range), years | 61.5 (27-78) | 61.0 (35-80) |
Male, n (%) | 116 (55.8) | 124 (58.8) |
Race, n (%) | ||
White | 157 (75.5) | 157 (74.4) |
Blacka | 6 (2.9) | 7 (3.3) |
Asian | 16 (7.7) | 20 (9.5) |
ECOG PS, n (%) | ||
0 | 114 (54.8) | 121 (57.3) |
1 | 93 (44.7) | 89 (42.2) |
2b | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) |
I | 136 (65.4) | 132 (62.6) |
II | 60 (28.8) | 65 (30.8) |
III | 12 (5.8) | 14 (6.6) |
Median years since diagnosis, (range) | 3.0 (0.3-18.1) | 3.4 (0.4-22.1) |
Presence of soft tissue plasmacytomasc, n (%) | 44 (21.2) | 35 (16.6) |
Bone marrow plasma cells ≥60%d, n (%) | 42 (20.4) | 43 (20.7) |
Cytogenetic riske, n (%) | ||
Standard risk | 69 (33.3) | 70 (33.3) |
High-risk | 123 (59.4) | 132 (62.9) |
gain/amp(1q) | 89 (43.0) | 107 (51.0) |
del (17p) | 49 (23.7) | 43 (20.5) |
t(4;14) | 30 (14.5) | 30 (14.3) |
t(14;16) | 3 (1.4) | 7 (3.3) |
≥2 high-risk abnormalities | 43 (20.8) | 49 (23.3) |
del(17p), t(4;14), or t(14;16) | 73 (35.3) | 69 (32.9) |
Unknown | 15 (7.2) | 8 (3.8) |
Tumor BCMA expression ≥50%, n (%) | 141 (67.8) | 138 (65.4) |
Prior LOT, n (%) | ||
1 | 68 (32.7) | 68 (32.2) |
2 | 83 (39.9) | 87 (41.2) |
3 | 57 (27.4) | 56 (26.5) |
Prior immunomodulatory drugs, n (%) | 208 (100.0) | 211 (100.0) |
Lenalidomide | 208 (100.0) | 211 (100.0) |
Pomalidomide | 8 (3.8) | 10 (4.7) |
Prior anti-CD38 antibody, n (%) | 53 (25.5) | 55 (26.1) |
Daratumumab | 51 (24.5) | 54 (25.6) |
Isatuximab | 2 (1.0) | 2 (0.9) |
Prior PIs, n (%) | 208 (100.0) | 211 (100.0) |
Bortezomib | 203 (97.6) | 205 (97.2) |
Carfilzomib | 77 (37.0) | 66 (31.3) |
Ixazomib | 21 (10.1) | 21 (10.0) |
Triple-class exposedf | 53 (25.5) | 55 (26.1) |
Penta-drug exposedg | 14 (6.7) | 10 (4.7) |
Refractory status, n (%) | ||
Lenalidomide | 208 (100.0) | 211 (100.0) |
Bortezomib | 55 (26.4) | 48 (22.7) |
Carfilzomib | 51 (24.5) | 45 (21.3) |
Any anti-CD38 antibody | 50 (24.0) | 46 (21.8) |
Daratumumab | 48 (23.1) | 45 (21.3) |
Ixazomib | 15 (7.2) | 17 (8.1) |
Pomalidomide | 8 (3.8) | 9 (4.3) |
Triple-class refractoryf | 30 (14.4) | 33 (15.6) |
Penta-drug refractoryg | 2 (1.0) | 1 (0.5) |
Abbreviations: amp, amplification; BCMA, B-cell maturation antigen; CD38, cluster of differentiation 38; del, deletion; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; ISS, aAmong patients enrolled in the United States, 9 patients (14.1%) were Black. bLatest non-missing ECOG PS on or prior to apheresis/cycle 1 day 1 was used. All patients met the inclusion criteria of ECOG PS of 0 or 1 prior to randomization. cIncluding extramedullary and bone‑based plasmacytomas with a measurable soft tissue component. dIn 206 (CARVYKTI arm) and 208 (standard care arm) patients, the maximum value from the bone marrow biopsy and bone marrow aspirate results was selected if both results were available. eIn 207 (CARVYKTI arm) and 210 (standard care arm) patients. fIncluding 1 PI, 1 immunomodulatory drug, and 1 anti-CD38 antibody. gIncluding ≥2 PIs, ≥2 immunomodulatory drugs, and 1 anti-CD38 antibody. |
Characteristic | As-treated Population (n=176) |
---|---|
Median age, years (range) | 61 (27-78) |
Male, n (%) | 101 (57.4) |
Race, n (%) | |
White | 136 (77.3) |
Black or African American | 6 (3.4) |
Asian | 15 (8.5) |
Not reported | 19 (10.8) |
ECOG PS, n (%) | |
0 | 103 (58.5) |
1 | 73 (41.5) |
ISS stage, n (%) | |
I | 121 (68.8) |
II | 45 (25.6) |
III | 10 (5.7) |
Bone marrow plasma cells ≥60%a, n (%) | 33 (18.9) |
Presence of soft tissue plasmacytomasb, n (%) | |
Yes | 30 (17.0) |
No | 146 (83.0) |
Cytogenetic riskc, n % | |
Standard risk | 59 (33.7) |
High riskd | 105 (60.0) |
gain/amp(1q) | 77 (44.0) |
del (17p) | 39 (22.3) |
t(4;14) | 23 (13.1) |
t(14;16) | 3 (1.7) |
del(17p), t(14;16), or t(4;14) | 59 (33.7) |
≥2 high-risk abnormalities | 34 (19.4) |
Unknown risk | 11 (6.3) |
Number of prior LOT, n % | |
1 | 60 (34.1) |
2 | 66 (37.5) |
3 | 50 (28.4) |
Treatment refractoriness, n (%) | |
Triple-class refractorye | 20 (11.4) |
Not triple-class refractory | 156 (88.6) |
Treatment history, n (%) | |
Prior daratumumab exposed | 36 (20.5) |
Prior triple-class exposede | 37 (21.0) |
Abbreviations: amp, amplification; CD38, cluster of differentiation 38; del, deletion; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; ISS, international staging system; LOT, line of therapy; PI, proteasome inhibitor; t, translocation. aThe maximum value from bone marrow biopsy and bone marrow aspirate results was selected if both results were available. bSoft tissue plasmacytomas included extramedullary and bone-based plasmacytomas with a measurable soft tissue component. cCytogenetic data for the as-treated population were available for 175 of 176 patients. dAny of the following features: del(17p), t(14;16), t(4;14), or gain/amp(1q). eIncluding 1 PI, 1 immunomodulatory drug, and 1 anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody. |
PFS was analyzed in subgroups of patients with high-risk disease features in both the ITT and as-treated populations in the CARTITUDE-4 study.5,8
Characteristic | Median PFS, Months (95% CI) | Hazard Ratioa (95% CI) | |
---|---|---|---|
CARVYKTI (n=208) | SOC (n=211) | ||
Number of prior LOT | |||
1 | NR (NE-NE) | 17.4 (11.1-NE) | 0.35 (0.19-0.66) |
2 or 3 | NR (19.2-NE) | 10.2 (6.2-12.2) | 0.24 (0.16-0.37) |
Refractory to | |||
PI + immunomodulatory drug | 22.8 (18.0-NE) | 7.8 (4.7-11.5) | 0.24 (0.14-0.38) |
Anti-CD38 + immunomodulatory drug | 18.0 (9.3-22.8) | 4.3 (3.4-5.7) | 0.26 (0.14-0.50) |
Triple-classb | 19.3 (2.6-NE) | 4.1 (3.1-7.8) | 0.15 (0.05-0.39) |
Neither anti-CD38 nor PI | NR (NE-NE) | 17.41 (12.0-22.4) | 0.20 (0.10-0.39) |
Last line of prior therapy | NR (22.8-NE) | 11.8 (9.7-14.0) | 0.27 (0.19-0.39) |
Prior exposure to | |||
Daratumumab | 19.2 (9.7-NE) | 4.5 (3.6-7.5) | 0.23 (0.12-0.44) |
Bortezomib | NR (22.8-NE) | 11.9 (9.8-14.0) | 0.27 (0.19-0.39) |
Triple-classb | 19.2 (9.7-NE) | 4.7 (3.6-7.5) | 0.26 (0.14-0.48) |
Bridging therapy/SOC | |||
PVd | 11.7 (2.1-NE) | 5.0 (3.4-10.5) | 0.31 (0.13-0.72) |
DPd | NR (22.8-NE) | 12.5 (10.3-16.0) | 0.26 (0.18-0.39) |
Abbreviations: CD38, cluster of differentiation 38; CI, confidence interval; DPd, daratumumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone; ITT, intent-to-treat; LOT, line of therapy; NE, not estimable; NR, not reached; PFS, progression-free survival; PI, proteasome inhibitor; PVd, pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone; SOC, standard of care. aHazard ratio and 95% CI from a Cox proportional hazards model with treatment as the sole explanatory variable, including only PFS events that occurred >8 weeks after randomization. A hazard ratio <1 indicates an advantage for the CARVYKTI arm. bPI + immunomodulatory drug + anti-CD38 antibody. |
Characteristic | CARVYKTI (n=176) 12-Month PFS, % (95% CI) |
Refractoriness | |
Not triple-class refractory | 89.7 (83.7-93.5) |
Triple-class refractorya | 90.0 (65.6-97.4) |
Treatment history | |
All patients | 84.9 (78.2-89.7) |
Daratumumab exposed | 82.8 (65.7-91.9) |
Triple-class exposeda | 83.3 (66.5-92.1) |
Abbreviations: CD38, cluster of differentiation 38; CI, confidence interval; PFS, progression-free survival; PI, proteasome inhibitor. aPI + immunomodulatory drug + anti-CD38 antibody. |
Safety outcomes in select subgroups related to treatment history in both the ITT and as-treated population in the CARTITUDE-4 study has not yet been presented.5,8
A literature search of MEDLINE®, Embase®, BIOSIS Previews®, and Derwent Drug File databases (and/or other resources, including internal/external databases) was conducted on 9 April 2024.
1 | Martin T, Usmani SZ, Berdeja JG, et al. Updated results from CARTITUDE-1: phase 1b/2 study of ciltacabtagene autoleucel, a B-cell maturation antigen-directed chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Oral presentation presented at: 63rd American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition; December 11-14, 2021; Atlanta, GA/Virtual. |
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